Table of Contents
- Cover Page
- Foreword
- Abbreviations
- Synopsis
- Preliminary title Of the general definitions of rights and the promulgation of the laws
- Book I Of persons
- Title I Of the distinction of persons, and the privation of certain civil rights in certain cases
- Title II Of domicil and the manner of changing the same
- Title III Of absent persons
- Chapter I Of the curatorship of absent persons
- Chapter II Of the putting into provisional possession the heirs of the absentee
- Chapter III Of the effects of absence upon the eventual rights which may belong to the absentee
- Chapter IV Of the effects of absence respecting marriage
- Chapter V Of the care of minor children whose father has disappeared
- Title IV Of husband and wife
- Title V Of the separation from bed and board
- Chapter I Of the causes of separation from bed and board
- Chapter II Of the proceedings on separation from bed and board
- Chapter III Of the provisional proceedings to which a suit for separation may give occasion
- Chapter IV Of objections to the action of separation from bed and board
- Chapter V Of the effects of separation from bed and board
- Title VI Of master and servant
- Title VII Of father and child
- Title VIII Of minors, of their tutorship, curatorship and emancipation
- Chapter I Of tutorship
- Section I General dispositions
- Section II Of tutorship by nature
- Section III Of tutorship by will
- Section IV Of the tutorship by the effect of the law
- Section V Of dative tutorship
- Section VI Of the under tutor
- Section VII Of the causes which dispense or excuse from the tutorship
- Section VIII Of incapacity for, exclusion from and deprivation of the tutorship
- Section IX Of the administration of the tutor
- Chapter II Of the curatorship of minors
- Chapter III Of emancipation
- Chapter I Of tutorship
- Title IX Of persons insane, idiots, and other persons incapable of administering their estate
- Title X Of communities or corporations
- Book II Of things and of the different modifications of property
- Title I Of things or estates
- Title II Of absolute ownership
- Title III Of usufruct, use and habitation
- Title IV Of predial services or services of land
- Book III Of the different manners of acquiring the property of things
- Preliminary title General dispositions
- Title I Of successions
- Chapter I Of the different sorts of successions and heirs
- Chapter II Of legal successions
- Chapter III Of irregular successions
- Chapter IV In what manner successions are opened
- Chapter V Of the incapacity and unworthiness of the heirs
- Chapter VI In what manner a succession is accepted and how it is renounced
- Chapter VII Of the administration of vacant estates and estates ab intestato
- Chapter VIII Of partition among heirs and of the collation of goods
- Title II Of donations inter vivos (between living persons) and mortis causa (in prospect of death)
- Chapter I General dispositions
- Chapter II Of the capacity necessary for disposing of and receiving by donation inter vivos or mortis causa
- Chapter III Of the portion disposable, and of its reduction in case of excess
- Chapter IV Of dispositions reprobated by the law in donations inter vivos and mortis causa
- Chapter V Of donations inter vivos (between living)
- Chapter VI Of dispositions mortis causa (in the prospect of death)
- Section I Of testament or codicil
- Section II Of the form of testaments and codicils
- Section III Of testamentary dispositions
- Section IV Of the institution of heir and of disinherison
- Section V Of legacies
- Section VI Of the opening and the proof of wills, and of testamentary executions
- Section VII Of the revocation of testaments and codicils and of their caducity
- Section VIII Of the interpretation of testamentary dispositions
- Chapter VII Of partitions made by parents among their descendants
- Chapter VIII Of donations made by marriage contract to the husband or wife, and to the children to be born of the marriage
- Chapter IX Of donations between married persons, either by marriage contract, or during the marriage
- Title III Of contracts and of conventional obligations in general
- Chapter I Preliminary dispositions
- Chapter II Of the conditions essential to the validity of agreements
- Chapter III Of the effect of obligations
- Section I General dispositions
- Section II Of the obligation of giving
- Section III Of the obligations of doing or of not doing
- Section IV Of the damages resulting from the non execution of the obligation
- Section V Of the interpretation of the agreements
- Section VI Of the effect of agreements with regard to persons not parties to them
- Chapter IV Of the different kinds of obligations
- Chapter V Of the extinction of obligations
- Chapter VI Of the proof of obligations and of that of payment
- Title IV Of engagements formed without agreements, or of quasi contracts and quasi offences
- Title V Of marriage contract
- Title VI Of sale
- Chapter I Of the nature and form of the contract of sale, and of the manner in which it is to be performed
- Chapter II Of persons capable of buying and selling, and of things which may be sold
- Chapter III Of the obligations of the seller
- Chapter IV Of the obligations of the buyer
- Chapter V Of the nullity and rescissions of the sale
- Chapter VI Of sales by cant or auction
- Chapter VII Of the assignment or transfer of debts and other incorporeal rights
- Title VII Of exchange
- Title VIII Of letting and hiring
- Title IX Of partnership
- Title X Of loan
- Title XI Of deposit and sequestration
- Title XII Of aleatory contracts
- Title XIII Of mandate or commission
- Chapter I Of the nature of proxies, mandates and commissions
- Chapter II What persons may be appointed attornies in fact
- Chapter III Of the obligations of a person acting under a power of attorney
- Chapter IV Of the obligations of the principal who acts by his attorney in fact
- Chapter V How the procuration expires
- Title XIV Of suretyship
- Title XV Of transactions
- Title XVI Of respite
- Title XVII Of compromises or arbitration
- Title XVIII Of pledge
- Title XIX Of privileges and mortgages
- Title XX Of occupancy, possession and prescription
- Title XXI Of the title by judgment or seizure
- Index
- Manuscript index
- Manuscript index Part 2
CHAPTER III – OF THE SEPARATION OF PROPERTY
Art. 86. The wife may, during the marriage, petition against the husband for a separation of property, whenever her dowry is in danger, owing to the mismanagement of the husband, or otherwise, or when the disorder of his affairs induces her to believe that his estate may not be sufficient to meet her rights and claims.
Art. 87. Separation of property must be petitioned for in and ordered by a court of justice after hearing all parties. It can in no case be referred to arbitration. Every voluntary separation of property is null both as respect third persons, and the husband and wife between themselves.
Art. 88. The separation of property, although decreed by a court of justice, is null, if it has not been executed by the payment of the rights and claims of the wife, made to appear by an authentic act, as far as the estate of the husband can meet them or at least by a bona fide non interrupted suit to obtain payment.
Art. 89. The separation of property obtained by the wife must be published three times, both in the English and French languages, in at least two of the newspapers which are printed in New-Orleans, at farthest within three months after the judgement which ordered the same.
Art. 90. The wife who has obtained the separation of property, may nevertheless accept the partnership or community of gains which has existed till that time, if it be her interest so to do, and by her contributing in case of acceptance, to pay the common debts.
She retakes besides, her dowry and all she brought in marriage or which fell to her, during the marriage, in effects hereditary or proper.
Art. 91. The wife separated in goods and chattels, has no tacit mortgage either for the indemnification of the debts which she has contracted jointly with her husband, since their separation or for the replacing of her hereditary estate alienated since the same time, and in cases where such mortgage takes place in her favor, it exists only from the day of said obligation or sale.
Art. 92. The separation of property does not impart to the wife any of the rights of a surviving wife, but she keeps the right of exercising them in case of the death of her husband.
Art. 93. The judgment which pronounces the separation of property, is retroactive as far back as the day on which the petition for the same was filed.
Art. 94. The personal creditors of the wife cannot, without her consent, petition for a separation of property between her and her husband.
Nevertheless in case of the failure or discomfiture of the husband, they may exercise the rights of their debtor to the amount of their credits.
Art. 95. The creditors of the husband may object to the separation of property decreed and even executed, with a view to defraud them, they may even become parties to the suit concerning the petition for a separation of property, and be heard against it.
Art. 96. The wife who has obtained the separation of property, must contribute in proportion to her fortune and to that of her husband both to the household expences and to those of the education of their children.
She is bound moreover to support those expences alone, if there remains nothing to her husband.
Art. 97. The wife separated whether in person and property or in property only, has again the free administration of her estate.— She may dispose of her moveable property and alienate the same.— She cannot alienate her immoveable property, without the consent of her husband, or if he should refuse it, without being authorised by the judge.
Art. 98. The husband is not answerable for not having laid out in the purchase of an equivalent estate, the value of the immoveables which the wife separated has alienated by virtue of an authorisation of the judge, unless he was a party to the sale, or it be proved that the money has been received by him or made use of to his benefit.
He is answerable for having not laid out the value of the said property in the purchase of an equivalent estate, if the sale has been made in his presence, and with his consent, but he is not answerable if such purchase be not advantageous.
CHAPITRE III - DE LA SÉPARATION DES BIENS, DEMANDÉE PAR LA FEMME, PENDANT LE MARIAGE
Art. 86. La femme peut, pendant le mariage, former contre le mari une demande en séparation de biens, toutes les fois que sa dot est mise en péril par la mauvaise conduite du mari, ou autrement, ou lorsque le désordre de ses affaires fait craindre que ses biens ne soient pas suffisans pour remplir les droits et reprises de sa femme.
Art. 87. La séparation de biens doit être demandée et ordonnée en justice, en connaissance de cause; elle ne peut être portée devant des arbitres.
Toute séparation de biens volontaire est nulle, tant à l'égard des tiers qu'à l'égard des conjoints entre eux.
Art. 88. La séparation de biens, quoique prononcée en justice, est nille, si elle n'a point été exécutée par le payement des droits et reprises de la femme, effectuée par un acte authentique, jusqu'à concurrence des biens du mari, ou au moins, par des poursuites suivies et non interrompues, pour procurer le payement.
Art. 89. La séparation de biens obtenue par la femme, doit être annoncée par trois fois en anglais et en français, dans au moins deux des gazettes qui s'impriment à la Nouvelle-Orléans, au plus tard dans les trois mois, de la sentence qui la prononce.
Art. 90. La femme qui a obtenu la séparation de biens, peut, néanmoins, accepter la société ou communauté d'acquêts, qui a existé jusqu'à cette époque, si elle y a un intérêt, pourvu qu'en cas d'acceptation, elle contribue au payement des dettes communes;
Elle reprend, en outre, sa dot, et tout ce qu'elle a apporté en mariage, ou qui lui est survenu, pendant sa durée, en biens héréditaires, ou propres.
Art. 91. La femme, séparée de biens, n'a point d'hypothèque tacite pour l'indemnité des dettes qu'elle a contractées, conjointement avec son mari, depuis leur séparation, ni pour le remploi de ses biens propres, aliénés depuis cette époque, et dans le cas où cette hypothèque a lieu en sa faveur, elle n'existe que du jour de l'obligation, ou de la vente.
Art. 92. La séparation de biens ne donne point ouverture aux droits de survie de la femme, mais elle conserve la faculté de les exercer dans le cas de mort du mari.
Art. 93. Le jugement, qui prononce la séparation de biens, remonte, quant à ses effets, au jour de la demande.
Art. 94. Les créanciers personnels de la femme ne peuvent, sans son consentement, demander la séparation de biens.
Néanmoins, en cas de faillite, ou de déconfiture du mari, ils peuvent exercer les droits de leur débitrice, jusqu'à concurrence du montant de leurs créances.
Art. 95. Les créanciers du mari peuvent se pourvoir contre la séparation de biens prononcée, et même exécutée en fraude de leurs droits; ils peuvent même intervenir dans l'instance, sur la demande en séparation, pour la contester.
Art. 96. La femme, qui a obtenu la séparation de biens, doit contribuer, proportionnellement à ses facultés et à celles de son mari, tant aux frais du ménage, qu'à ceux de l'éducation des enfans communs.
Elle doit supporter entièrement ces frais, s'il ne reste rien au mari.
Art. 97. La femme séparée, soit de corps et de biens, soit de biens seulement, en reprend la libre administration.
Elle peut disposer de son mobilier et l'aliéner.
Elle ne peut aliéner ses immeubles, sans le consentement de son mari, ou sans être autorisée en justice, à son refus.
Art. 98. Le mari n'est point garant du défaut d'emploi, ou de remploi du prix de l'immeuble, que la femme séparée a aliéné, sans l'autorisation de justice, à moins qu'il n'ait concouru au contrat, ou qu'il ne soit prouvé, que les deniers ont été reçus par lui, ou ont tourné à son profit.
Il est garant du défaut d'emploi, ou de remploi, si la vente a été faite en sa présence, et de son consentement; il ne l'est point, de l'utilité de cet emploi.
