Table of Contents
- Cover Page
- Foreword
- Abbreviations
- Synopsis
- Preliminary title Of the general definitions of rights and the promulgation of the laws
- Book I Of persons
- Title I Of the distinction of persons, and the privation of certain civil rights in certain cases
- Title II Of domicil and the manner of changing the same
- Title III Of absent persons
- Chapter I Of the curatorship of absent persons
- Chapter II Of the putting into provisional possession the heirs of the absentee
- Chapter III Of the effects of absence upon the eventual rights which may belong to the absentee
- Chapter IV Of the effects of absence respecting marriage
- Chapter V Of the care of minor children whose father has disappeared
- Title IV Of husband and wife
- Title V Of the separation from bed and board
- Chapter I Of the causes of separation from bed and board
- Chapter II Of the proceedings on separation from bed and board
- Chapter III Of the provisional proceedings to which a suit for separation may give occasion
- Chapter IV Of objections to the action of separation from bed and board
- Chapter V Of the effects of separation from bed and board
- Title VI Of master and servant
- Title VII Of father and child
- Title VIII Of minors, of their tutorship, curatorship and emancipation
- Chapter I Of tutorship
- Section I General dispositions
- Section II Of tutorship by nature
- Section III Of tutorship by will
- Section IV Of the tutorship by the effect of the law
- Section V Of dative tutorship
- Section VI Of the under tutor
- Section VII Of the causes which dispense or excuse from the tutorship
- Section VIII Of incapacity for, exclusion from and deprivation of the tutorship
- Section IX Of the administration of the tutor
- Chapter II Of the curatorship of minors
- Chapter III Of emancipation
- Chapter I Of tutorship
- Title IX Of persons insane, idiots, and other persons incapable of administering their estate
- Title X Of communities or corporations
- Book II Of things and of the different modifications of property
- Title I Of things or estates
- Title II Of absolute ownership
- Title III Of usufruct, use and habitation
- Title IV Of predial services or services of land
- Book III Of the different manners of acquiring the property of things
- Preliminary title General dispositions
- Title I Of successions
- Chapter I Of the different sorts of successions and heirs
- Chapter II Of legal successions
- Chapter III Of irregular successions
- Chapter IV In what manner successions are opened
- Chapter V Of the incapacity and unworthiness of the heirs
- Chapter VI In what manner a succession is accepted and how it is renounced
- Chapter VII Of the administration of vacant estates and estates ab intestato
- Chapter VIII Of partition among heirs and of the collation of goods
- Title II Of donations inter vivos (between living persons) and mortis causa (in prospect of death)
- Chapter I General dispositions
- Chapter II Of the capacity necessary for disposing of and receiving by donation inter vivos or mortis causa
- Chapter III Of the portion disposable, and of its reduction in case of excess
- Chapter IV Of dispositions reprobated by the law in donations inter vivos and mortis causa
- Chapter V Of donations inter vivos (between living)
- Chapter VI Of dispositions mortis causa (in the prospect of death)
- Section I Of testament or codicil
- Section II Of the form of testaments and codicils
- Section III Of testamentary dispositions
- Section IV Of the institution of heir and of disinherison
- Section V Of legacies
- Section VI Of the opening and the proof of wills, and of testamentary executions
- Section VII Of the revocation of testaments and codicils and of their caducity
- Section VIII Of the interpretation of testamentary dispositions
- Chapter VII Of partitions made by parents among their descendants
- Chapter VIII Of donations made by marriage contract to the husband or wife, and to the children to be born of the marriage
- Chapter IX Of donations between married persons, either by marriage contract, or during the marriage
- Title III Of contracts and of conventional obligations in general
- Chapter I Preliminary dispositions
- Chapter II Of the conditions essential to the validity of agreements
- Chapter III Of the effect of obligations
- Section I General dispositions
- Section II Of the obligation of giving
- Section III Of the obligations of doing or of not doing
- Section IV Of the damages resulting from the non execution of the obligation
- Section V Of the interpretation of the agreements
- Section VI Of the effect of agreements with regard to persons not parties to them
- Chapter IV Of the different kinds of obligations
- Chapter V Of the extinction of obligations
- Chapter VI Of the proof of obligations and of that of payment
- Title IV Of engagements formed without agreements, or of quasi contracts and quasi offences
- Title V Of marriage contract
- Title VI Of sale
- Chapter I Of the nature and form of the contract of sale, and of the manner in which it is to be performed
- Chapter II Of persons capable of buying and selling, and of things which may be sold
- Chapter III Of the obligations of the seller
- Chapter IV Of the obligations of the buyer
- Chapter V Of the nullity and rescissions of the sale
- Chapter VI Of sales by cant or auction
- Chapter VII Of the assignment or transfer of debts and other incorporeal rights
- Title VII Of exchange
- Title VIII Of letting and hiring
- Title IX Of partnership
- Title X Of loan
- Title XI Of deposit and sequestration
- Title XII Of aleatory contracts
- Title XIII Of mandate or commission
- Chapter I Of the nature of proxies, mandates and commissions
- Chapter II What persons may be appointed attornies in fact
- Chapter III Of the obligations of a person acting under a power of attorney
- Chapter IV Of the obligations of the principal who acts by his attorney in fact
- Chapter V How the procuration expires
- Title XIV Of suretyship
- Title XV Of transactions
- Title XVI Of respite
- Title XVII Of compromises or arbitration
- Title XVIII Of pledge
- Title XIX Of privileges and mortgages
- Title XX Of occupancy, possession and prescription
- Title XXI Of the title by judgment or seizure
- Index
- Manuscript index
- Manuscript index Part 2
TITLE II - OF DONATIONS INTER VIVOS (BETWEEN LIVING PERSONS) AND MORTIS CAUSA (IN PROSPECT OF DEATH)
CHAPTER I - GENERAL DISPOSITIONS
Art. 1. Property can neither be acquired nor disposed of gratuitously, unless by donations inter vivos or mortis causa, made in the forms hereafter established for one or the other of these acts.
Art. 2. A donation inter vivos (between living persons) is an act by which the donor divests himself at present and irrevocably of the thing given in favor of the donee who accepts it.
Art. 3. A donation mortis causa (in prospect of death) is an act by which the donor disposes of the whole or a part of his property, for the time when he shall no longer exist, which donation he may revoke.
CHAPTER II - OF THE CAPACITY NECESSARY FOR DISPOSING OF AND RECEIVING BY DONATION INTER VIVOS OR MORTIS CAUSA
Art. 4. All persons may dispose of or receive by donation inter vivos or mortis causa except such as the law expressly declares incapable.
Art. 5. To make a donation either inter vivos or mortis causa, one must be of sound mind.
Slaves cannot dispose of or receive by donation inter vivos or mortis causa unless they have been previously and expressly enfranchised conformably to law.
Art. 6. The minor under sixteen years cannot dispose of any property, saving what is provided in the chapter the 9th of this title.
Art. 7. The minor above sixteen, can dispose only mortis causa (in prospect of death.)
But he may dispose in this manner of the same amount as a person of full age can do, even to the prejudice of the usufruct granted by law to the father and mother of the minor not emancipated, during marriage; and the usufruct in that case, will cease to the advantage of him in whose favor the minor has disposed of it if the said minor dies being still under the power of his father and mother; and to dispose thus the minor has no need of the authorisation or concurrence of his curator.
Art. 8. Nevertheless the minor who has a right to dispose by donation mortis causa , cannot dispose to the advantage of his curator ad bona, nor to that of his preceptors or instructors, whilst he is under their authority.
The minor even when he comes of age, cannot dispose of property, either by donation inter vivos or mortis causa, to the profit of him who has been his tutor or curator ad bona, unless the final account of the tutorship or curatorship has been previously rendered and settled.
In the two cases above mentioned are excepted the relations of the minor who have been his tutors, curators or institutors.
Art. 9. A married woman cannot make a donation inter vivos, without the concurrence or special consent of her husband, or unless she be authorised by judicial process, conformably to what is prescribed by the title of husband and wife.
But she needs neither the consent of her husband nor any judicial authorization, to dispose by donation mortis causa.
Art. 10. Those who have lived together in open concubinage, are respectively incapable to make to each other any universal donation, or on an universal title, whether between inter vivos or mortis causa.
Art. 11. In order to be capable of receiving by donation inter vivos, it suffices to be conceived at the time of donation.
In order to be capable of receiving by last will, it suffices to be conceived at the time of the decease.
But the donation or the last will can have effect only in case the child should be born capable of living.
Art. 12. Natural children or acknowledged bastards cannot receive from their natural parents, by donation inter vivos or mortis causa, beyond what is strictly necessary to procure them sustenance, or an occupation or profession which may maintain them, whenever the father or the mother who has thus disposed in their favor, leaves legitimate children or descendants.
Those donations shall be reducible in the case of excess, according to the rules laid down at the title of father and child.
Art. 13. When the natural mother has not left any legitimate children or descendants, natural children may acquire from her by donation inter vivos or mortis causa, to the whole amount of her succession.
But if she has left them only a part, and has disposed of the rest in favor of other persons, her natural children have no action against her or her heirs, but for a supply of the sustenance that is secured to them by law, in case what she has left them be not sufficient for that sustenance.
Art. 14. When the natural father has not left legitimate children or descendants, the natural child or children acknowledged by him, may receive from him by donation inter vivos or mortis causa, to the amount of the following proportions, to wit:
Of the third part of his property, if he leaves legitimate ascendants: of the half, if he leaves legitimate brothers and sisters; and of three-fourths, if he leaves collaterals below brothers and sisters, provided always that in all these cases, if he has not left them a sufficient portion for the sustenance that is secured to them by law, they have an action of supplement similar to that which lies against the natural mother in the preceding article.
Art. 15. Natural fathers and mothers can, in no case, dispose of property in favor of their adulterine or incestuous children, even acknowledged, unless to the mere amount to what is necessary to their sustenance, or to procure them an occupation or profession by which to support themselves.
Art. 16. Doctors of physic or surgeons who have professionally attended a person during the sickness of which he or she dies, cannot receive any benefit from donations inter vivos or mortis causa made in their favor by the sick person during that sickness.- To this however there are the following exceptions:
1st. Remunerative dispositions made on a particular account, regard being had to the means of the disposer and to the services rendered;
2d. Universal dispositions in case of consanguinity;
The same rules are observed with regard to the minister of religious worship.
Art. 17. Every disposition in favor of a person incapable of receiving, shall be null, whether it be disguised under the form of an onerous contract or be made under the name of persons interposed.
The father and mother, the children and descendants, and the husband or wife of the incapable person, shall be reputed persons interposed.
Art. 18. Proof is not admitted of the dispositions having been made through hatred, anger, suggestion, or captation.
TITRE II - DES DONATIONS ENTRE VIFS ET POUR CAUSE DE MORT
CHAPITRE I - DISPOSITIONS GÉNÉRALES
Art. 1. On ne peut acquérir des biens ou en disposer à titre gratuit, que par des donations entre vifs, ou pour cause de mort, faites dans les formes ci-après établies pour l'un ou l'autre de ces actes.
Art. 2. La donation entre vifs est un acte par lequel le donateur se dépouille actuellement et irrévocablement de la chose donnée, en faveur du donataire qui l'accepte.
Art. 3. La donation pour caùse de mort est un acte par lequel le donateur dispose, pour le tems où il n'existera plus, de tout ou partie de ses biens, et qu'il peut révoquer.
CHAPITRE II - DE LA CAPACITÉ NÉCESSAIRE POUR DISPOSER ET RECEVOIR PAR DONATION ENTRE VIFS OU POUR CAUSE DE MORT
Art. 4. Toutes personnes peuvent disposer ou recevoir donation entre vifs ou pour cause de mort, excepté celles que la loi en déclare expressément incapables.
Art. 5. Pour faire une donation, soit entre vifs, soit pour cause de mort, il faut être sain d'esprit.
Les esclaves ne peuvent disposer ou recevoir par donation entre vifs, ou pour cause de mort, s'ils n'ont été préalablement et expressément affranchis conformément à la loi.
Art. 6. Le mineur âgé de moins de seize ans, ne pourra aucunement disposer, sauf ce qui est réglé au chapitre 9 du présent titre.
Art. 7. Le mineur parvenu à l'âge de seize ans, ne pourra disposer que pour cause de mort.
Mais il pourra disposer de cette manière, de la même quotité qu'un majeur peut le faire, même au préjudice de l'usufruit accordé par la loi à ses père et mère, pendant la durée du mariage, et cet usufruit, dans ce cas, cessera au profit de celui en faveur de qui le mineur aura disposé, si ledit mineur décède étant encore en la puissance de ses père et mère; pour disposer ainsi, le mineur n'a besoin ni de l'autorisation ni du concours de son curateur.
Art. 8. Néanmoins, le mineur qui a le droit de tester ne peut disposer au profit de son curateur aux biens, ainsi que de ses précepteurs ou instituteurs, pendant qu'il est sous leur autorité.
Le mineur même devenu majeur, ne pourra disposer soit par donation entre vifs, soit par donation pour cause de mort, au profit de celui aura été son tuteur ou curateur aux biens, si le compte définitif de la tutelle ou curatelle, n'a été préalablement rendu et appuré.
Sont exceptés, dans les deux cas ci-dessus, les parens du mineur qui seront ou auront été ses tuteurs, curateurs ou instituteurs.
Art. 9. La femme mariée ne peut donner entre vifs, sans l'assistance ou le consentement spécial de son mari, ou sans y être autorisée par justice, conformément à ce qui est prescrit au titre du mari et de la femme.
Mais elle n'a besoin, ni de consentement du mari, ni d'aucune autorisation de justice, pour disposer par donation pour cause de mort.
Art. 10. Ceux qui ont vécu ensemble dans un concubinage notoire, sont respectivement incapables de se faire aucunes donations universelles, ou à titre universel, soit entre vifs ou pour cause de mort.
Art. 11. Pour être capable de recevoir entre vifs, il suffit d'être conçu au moment de la donation.
Pour être capable de recevoir par testament, il suffit d'etre conçu à l'époque du décès.
Néanmoins la donation ou le testament n'auront leur effet qu'autant que l'enfant sera né viable.
Art. 12. Les enfans naturels ou bâtards reconnus ne pourront, par donation entre vifs ou pour cause de mort, rien recevoir de leur père ou mère naturels au delà de ce qui est rigoureusement nécessaire pour leur procurer des alimens, ou un état ou profession capable de les faire subsister, toutes les fois que le père ou la mère, qui aura ainsi disposé en leur faveur, laissera des enfans ou des descendans légitimes.
Ces avantages sont réductibles en cas d'excès, d'après les règles posées au titre des pères et des enfans.
Art. 13. Lorsque la mère naturelle n'aura pas laissé d'enfans ou descendans légitimes, ses enfans naturels pourront recevoir d'elle, par donation entre vifs ou pour cause de mort, jusqu'à concurrence de la totalité de sa succession.
Mais si elle ne leur en avait laissé qu'une partie, et qu'elle eut disposé du reste en faveur d'autres personnes, ses enfans naturels n'auront d'autre action contre elle ou contre ses héritiers, qu'en supplément des alimens qui leur sont assurés par loi, dans le cas où ce qu'elle leur aurait laissé ne suffirait pas à ces alimens.
Art. 14. Lorsque le père naturel n'aura pas laissé d'enfans ou de descendans légitimes, l'enfant ou les enfans naturels par lui reconnus, pourront recevoir de lui, par donation entre vifs ou pour cause de mort, jusqu'à concurrence des quotités suivantes; savoir:
Du tiers de ses biens, s'il laisse des ascendans légitimes; de la moitié, s'il laisse des frères ou sœurs légitimes; et des trois quarts, s'il laisse des collatéraux au-dessous de frères et sœurs, le tout, pourvu que, s'il ne leur a pas laissé une portion suffisante pour les alimens qui leur sont assurés par la loi, ils ayent une action en supplément, semblable à celle qui est accordée contre la mère naturelle dans le précédent article.
Art. 15. Les père et mère naturels ne pourront, en aucun cas, disposer en faveur de leurs enfans adultérins ou incestueux, même reconnus, si ce n'est jusqu'à concurrence de ce qui est nécessaire pour leurs alimens, ou pour leur procurer un état ou profession pour subsister.
Art. 16. Les docteurs en médecine ou en chirurgie qui auront traité une personne pendant la maladie dont elle meurt, ne pourront profiter des dispositions entre vifs ou pour cause de mort qu'elle aura faites en leur faveur pendant le cours de cette maladie.
Sont exceptés 1°. Les dispositions rénumératoires faites à titre particulier, eu égard aux facultés du disposant et aux services rendus;
2°. Les dispositions universelles dans le cas de parenté;
Les mêmes règles sont observées à l'égard du ministre du culte.
Art. 17. Toute disposition en faveur d'un incapable, sera nulle, soit qu'on la dèguise sous la forme d'un contrat onéreux, soit qu'on le fasse sous le nom de personnes interposées.
Seront réputées personnes interposées, les pères et mères, les enfans et descendans et l'époux de la personne incapable.
Art. 18. On n'admet point la preuve, que la disposition ait été faite par haine, colère, suggestion ou captation.
